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Table 1 Data sources, sample sizes, years, and number of items for composite indicators of the LoVI and other national indicators

From: Development and validation of the LoVI: the Laws on Violence against women and girls Index

Construct and Indicators or IndexData Source# of CountriesYears# of Items (Scale)
Laws on VAWG Index (LoVI)
 Sexual harassmentWB-WBL1892016/20183 (0,1)
 Child marriageWB-WBL1862016/20181 (0,1)
 Domestic violenceWB-WBL1892016/20185 (0,1)
 Marital rapeWB-WBL1892016/20181 (0,1)
Laws on Women’s Economic Equality (LoWEE)WB-WBL18920185 (0,1)
VAWG Programs
 VAWG Prevention Programs Index (VPPI)2014 UN Report13320146 (0,1,2)
 VAWG Response Programs Index (VRPI)2014 UN Report13320143 (0,1,2) 2 (0,1,2,3)
Societal Norms about VAWG
 Justification of physical IPVDHS, MICS782001–2017 
 Exposure to physical/sexual IPV, everDHS452005–2017 
 Exposure to physical/sexual IPV, in prior yearDHS462005–2017 
Human development, income inequality
 Human Development Index (HDI)Human Development Reports1832015 
 Gender-related Development Index (GDI)Human Development Reports1582015 
 Gini coefficient (Gini)The World Factbook1572003–2016 
  1. DHS Demographic and Health Survey, IPV intimate partner violence, LoVI laws on violence against women and girls index, MICS Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, UN United Nations, VAWG violence against women and girls, WB-WBL World Bank, Women Business and Law database